New got more expensive. Used mostly did not.
New and refurbished asks rose across the high-memory cards this month while used prices moved far less, so the discount to new widened. Used A100 80GB is the exception, repricing upward as operators keep Ampere in service. Hopper held still.
Rubin ships, Hopper holds, and the new tier reprices
Nvidia said in mid-September that Vera Rubin is in full production and scaling across the ecosystem, with preview results claiming up to 3.7 times the throughput of a GB300 NVL72. That puts two generations above Hopper in the new-build slot. Demand for that slot is not cooling: Oracle reported delivering more than 300,000 GPUs to its AI cloud customers since the end of its prior quarter, and said demand for AI training and inference is growing faster than supply. The export map did not move either. The September 24 White House summit with China ended without a chip export decision, so the Hopper and Ampere supply already in the Western channel stays here. Two things in the window bear directly on what used hardware is worth. Nvidia published its own case that GPUs earn for longer than a five-year depreciation schedule assumes, citing A100 resale and rental data. And Micron reported a $54.2 billion quarter at an 86.8 percent gross margin, a memory market that is pricing every new card it goes into. Our read lines up with both: the new and refurbished tiers repriced up this month, used mostly did not, and the used card that moved most is the A100.
$16,999
used A100 PCIe 80GB, up from $12,550, while the new-condition read fell
/ Clustermelt
61%
how far the used RTX 3090 now sits below new, up from 48 percent as new prices rose
/ Clustermelt
$300M+
in export-controlled servers a California reseller is accused of shipping to China on false end-user paperwork
/ US Department of Justice
Where the market is moving
The signals worth acting on this month, and what each one means if you are buying or selling.
The new tier repriced up, and used mostly stayed put
Across the Ada, workstation and consumer cards, new and refurbished asks rose this month while used prices barely moved. New RTX 3090 rose 37 percent to $2,399 and refurbished 33 percent to $1,899, while the used read rose 3.5 percent to $940. New RTX 6000 Ada rose 20 percent to $9,599 against a used read unchanged at $5,700. New L40S rose 17 percent to $10,464.10 and new L4 20 percent to $5,375. New RTX 4090 rose 11 percent to $4,649 while used rose 6 percent to $2,499.99. The verified sold averages we track rose too, but by less: RTX 4090 to $2,252 and RTX 3090 to $940. We cannot tell you from listings alone why the new tier moved, but it is consistent with a memory market Micron just reported at record revenue and margin, because memory is a large share of what these cards cost to build.
What it means
If you are buying high-memory workstation or consumer cards, the used and refurbished-grade discount just got bigger, so price the used option first. If you are selling, the new-tier ceiling above you rose, but buyers who check sold prices will still anchor near them.
Used A100 80GB is the exception, and it moved up
Our secondary read for the A100 PCIe 80GB rose to $16,999, in a $12,550 to $18,879 band, from $12,550 last month. Fresh used asks landed at $16,999 to $18,879 while the cheaper asks behind last month's figure aged. Over the same month the new-condition A100 80GB read fell to $26,000. The used A30 read rose the same way, to $2,250. This is the month Nvidia argued in public that a six-year-old A100 is still worth about a quarter of what it cost, citing third-party resale data, and that CoreWeave has extended bookings on 2020-vintage units through 2029. Lenders are acting on the same idea: Sharon AI and Lambda raised more than $1.3 billion of debt secured by their GPUs in the window.
What it means
A100 80GB is not depreciating on a straight line. Operators are keeping it working and lenders are underwriting it as collateral, which keeps fleet supply off the secondary market. If you hold used A100 80GB, the bid is firmer than a depreciation schedule says. If you are buying, the cheap used A100 of the summer is harder to find on a public shelf.
Hopper held still
Every Hopper read we publish is unchanged this month. Used H100 PCIe 80GB stays at $32,290, used H200 NVL at $32,900, and H100 NVL at $29,999. That is not for lack of looking: the live H100 NVL and H200 NVL listings we re-checked held their prices. The one Hopper move was on the new side, where H100 PCIe new rose 5 percent to $30,970.79, which leaves used H100 still priced slightly above new for a second month. Rubin entering full production has not yet pushed Hopper into the secondary channel in volume, and with no change to China export policy, the H200 that is not shipping east is not showing up on dealer shelves either.
What it means
Do not expect the Rubin ramp to show up in Hopper pricing this quarter. Fleet rotation reaches the secondary market one to two quarters after new systems are racked, and through a decommissioning lot rather than a dealer listing. Hopper buyers who want a better number need a sourcing channel, not a price alert.
The discount to new split in two directions
On the Ada and consumer cards the discount widened because the new tier rose: L40S went from 24 to 35 percent below new, RTX 6000 Ada from 29 to 41 percent, and RTX 3090 from 48 to 61 percent. On the A100 80GB it narrowed sharply, from 57 to 35 percent, because the used price rose and the new price fell. L4 narrowed too, on a higher used ask. One published read moved for a different reason, and we would rather say so than let it look like a price cut. RTX A6000 now has enough used-grade listings to publish a used read directly, at $3,962.32, where last month it was a blend of used and refurbished at $4,799.94. The grade changed, not the card.
H200 NVL
141GB
-9%
L4
24GB
-26%
A100 PCIe
80GB
-35%
L40S
48GB
-35%
RTX A6000
48GB
-37%
RTX 6000 Ada
48GB
-41%
RTX 4090
24GB
-46%
RTX 3090
24GB
-61%
How far each card's secondary price sits below new in this month's read. Shown for the cards whose new-side reading is solid enough to stand behind.
What it means
A widening discount is a buying signal only if the used card does the job. On the 48GB Ada and Ampere workstation cards it usually does, which makes this the month to look at used before new.
The paperwork is still the product
On October 1 the Justice Department announced the arrest of the owner of a California computer company, accused of shipping more than $300 million of export-controlled servers to China through Malaysia and Singapore. Prosecutors say he and his co-conspirators gave US manufacturers false documentation about who the end users were. Court documents described by The Register say the servers carried A100, H100, RTX 4090 and RTX 5090 GPUs. It is the second month running that the enforcement story is genuine hardware moved on false paperwork, and this time the alleged conduit was a US reseller. A September C4ADS report traced the same pattern through bundled contracts and uncredentialed intermediaries.
What it means
The counterparty in these cases looks like an ordinary system reseller, and the hardware is real. That is exactly why a price check proves nothing. Know who you are buying from and who you are selling to, and ask for the chain behind the lot before you ask for the price.
The number is only worth what its provenance is
The judgment a listing aggregator cannot copy, and the reason a broker exists in a used market.
The enforcement news this month came from inside the United States. On October 1 the Justice Department announced the arrest of the owner of a California computer company accused of moving more than $300 million of export-controlled servers to China through Malaysia and Singapore, on false documentation given to US manufacturers about who the end users were. Court documents described by The Register list A100, H100 and RTX 4090 among the GPUs inside. A September C4ADS report traced the same pattern: restricted chips bundled into big contracts and routed through intermediaries nobody would look at twice. In both cases the hardware is genuine. The paperwork and the counterparty are where it goes wrong, and neither shows up in a price. Our own pass set aside the usual tiers that price alone cannot vouch for, and two that are worth naming. The only used H200 NVL listed on the public web this month was a QS part, a qualification sample, which is not a production card however clean the listing looks. And we held out one marketplace seller entirely, because its used-grade asks sat above the same cards' new prices. A used card priced above new is either mislabeled or not a real price, and we would rather publish neither.
Red flags on used GPU hardware
- A reseller's end-use statement offered as provenance. This month's case ran on false end-user paperwork given to the manufacturers themselves.
- A used H200 NVL that turns out to be a QS part. Qualification samples are not production cards.
- A used-grade card priced above the same card new. Either the grade or the price is wrong.
- New-in-box A100 40GB at refurbished money. The A100 shipped in 2020, so ask where new stock has been sitting.
- Lot history that runs through a transshipment hub with no explanation of why.
- No serial, no warranty record, no test report. Provenance you cannot check is provenance you do not have.
The next ninety days
- 01
Whether the new-tier repricing carries into November. TrendForce expects graphics-memory prices to keep rising in the fourth quarter as GDDR7 output shifts toward servers, which would keep pressure on new workstation and consumer card prices and keep the discount to used wide.
- 02
Whether used A100 80GB holds near $17,000. The move came from fresh asks, and we still have no verified sold prices on datacenter cards to say where they actually clear.
- 03
Power, not chips, as the gate on Hopper rotation. Nscale aims to operate some 461,000 GPUs, and DCD reports only five percent of that is energized today. Hopper leaves a fleet when the replacement has somewhere to plug in, not when it ships.
- 04
TSMC's third-quarter results on October 15 and Nvidia's GTC in Washington, November 30 to December 3, the next hard reads on how fast the new-build tier is growing, with Rubin CPX still slated for the end of 2026.
- 05
The follow-up US-China AI meeting the administration says is coming within about a month. Any license change for H200 would pull supply out of the Western channel quickly.
- NVIDIA: AI Infra Summit, Vera Rubin in full production (September 2026)
- Oracle: first quarter fiscal 2027 results, Form 8-K (September 10, 2026)
- CBS News: Trump and Xi state visit live updates (September 24 to 25, 2026)
- NVIDIA: Productive, Durable, Fungible, on AI factory useful life (October 1, 2026)
- Micron: fourth quarter fiscal 2026 results, Form 8-K (September 30, 2026)
- TrendForce: fourth quarter 2026 memory price forecast (September 30, 2026)
- Data Center Dynamics: Sharon AI and Lambda secure GPU-backed debt funding (October 2, 2026)
- Data Center Dynamics: Nscale raises $3.36bn ahead of its IPO (September 25, 2026)
- US Department of Justice: California man arrested for smuggling more than $300 million of export-controlled servers to China (October 1, 2026)
- The Register: Californian accused of shipping $300M worth of Nvidia chips to China (October 2, 2026)
- C4ADS: Covert Compute (September 9, 2026)
Price-direction figures for individual SKUs are drawn from independent secondary-market listing trackers and are directional. Every price in the Clustermelt read below is computed from our own observed market data.
The numbers
Current secondary prices for the cards in this issue's read, computed from observed dealer listings and supplier asks we collect ourselves. Free to read, and free to check us on.
Secondary-market prices for the SKUs we broker, used-grade and trustworthy supply only. We exclude the sub-floor listings that price alone cannot vouch for, so these are numbers you could actually transact against, not the lowest number on the internet.
H200 NVL
141GB
H100 PCIe
80GB
H100 NVL
94GB
L40S
48GB
RTX 6000 Ada
48GB
L4
24GB
RTX 4090
24GB
A100 PCIe
80GB
A100 SXM4
80GB
A100 PCIe
40GB
A40
48GB
RTX A6000
48GB
A30
24GB
RTX 3090
24GB
Informational only. Observed secondary-market estimates, not quotes, offers, or advice. Do not rely on these figures as the sole basis for a purchase.
These are ranges. Yours is a number.
The table above is the market. What you actually pay depends on quantity, condition, warranty and lead time. Send us the spec and we will price it against vetted supply, with provenance checked before it ever reaches you.
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